The Business Communication and Ethics in Organizations – 2023 course is a comprehensive 27-hour program designed specifically for Business and Engineering students. This course provides a deep understanding of the principles and techniques of effective communication, as well as the ethical considerations that are crucial in the business world.

The course covers a wide range of topics, including verbal and non-verbal communication, language and perception, non-verbal cues, cultural differences, and effective listening skills. It also focuses on written communication, including formal and business letters, memos, notices, contracts, tenders, and reports. In addition, the course concludes with a discussion of the importance of ethical behavior in organizations, covering the need for ethical codes, types of ethics involved in daily life and professional practice, and ethical dilemmas and problems.

By the end of this 27-hour program, students will have a solid understanding of the principles of effective communication, as well as the knowledge and skills to navigate complex communication scenarios with confidence. They will also have a deeper understanding of ethical considerations in the business world, which is crucial for promoting ethical behavior and resolving ethical dilemmas.

In short, the Business Communication and Ethics in Organizations – 2023 course is a must-take program for Business and Engineering students looking to build their communication and ethical skills and succeed in their careers. With a focus on practical application and hands-on experience, this course provides students with the knowledge and skills they need to excel in the business world.

This course is specially designed for Business and Engineering Students.

Communication Skills (Oral)

• Definitions and Conditions, Modes; verbal, non-verbal, vocal, non-vocal, sender, receiver, encoding, decoding, noise, context, emotional, relationships, etc.

• Language and perception, Distortion of thought, interference.

• Non-verbal, body language, physical appearance, cultural differences, etc.

• Barriers to Comm: ambiguity, context, closure, prediction, pseudo listening.

• Listening: effective listening, benefits, and ethics for the listener.

• Personal and interpersonal skills/perceptions.

• Communication dilemmas and problems.

• Public Speaking – speaking situations/ interviews

Written Communication

• Types of messages and various approaches

• Formal/ Business letters various types

• Memos (brief revision).

• Notices and minutes of meetings, agenda, layout, language, Leadership styles.

• Contracts and agreements (basic theoretical knowledge and comprehension).

• Tenders (basic theoretical knowledge and comprehension).

• Business reports (Short and Long) Research / Scientific reports.

Engineering / Business Ethics

• Course objective.

• Need for code of ethics, importance

• Type of ethics, involvement in daily life, professional ethics

• Problems/conflicts/dilemmas in application.

RECOMMENDED BOOKS FOR THIS COURSE

(01) Report Writing for Business by Lesikar and Pettit

(02) Business & Professional Communication by Roach, Gant, Allyn Perigo & Bacon

(03) Engineering Ethics by Flederman

COURSE OUTLINE

Introduction to Business Communication in Organizations

Why Business Communication?

Introduction to Communication

Definition of Communication

1. Types of Communication

2. Verbal Communication

3. Nonverbal Communication

Technological Communication

1. Levels of Communication

2. Intrapersonal Communication

3. Interpersonal Communication

4. Small-Group Communication

5. Organizational Communication

6. Public Communication

7. Mass Communication

Non-Verbal Communication

Reinforcement, Modification, Substitution, Regulations of Non-Verbal Communication

Codes of Nonverbal Communication

1. Temporal Codes

2. Chronemics

3. Time Orientations

4. Psychological Time

5. Person-Oriented Codes

6. Physical Appearance & Dress

7. Gestures & Body Movements

8. Facial Expressions

9. Eye Contact

10. Personal Space & Touching Behavior

11. Vocal Characteristics

12. Environmental Codes

Principles of Communication

1. Be Mindful of the Setting

2. Use Approachable Body Language

3. Adjust Your Tone

4. Ask Questions

5. Listen to Understand

6. Cultivate Respect

7. Be Precise Be Attentive while you present

8. Provide Feedback

9. Plan & Practice

Channels of Communication

Process of Communication

Feedback

1. Situations that require giving Constructive Feedback

2. Some clues where Constructive Feedback is needed

3. Importance of Feedback

4. Why Feedback?

5. Types of Feedback

Communication with respect to Culture

1. Multicultural Communication

2. Cross-Cultural Communication

3. Intercultural Communication

4. Role of Intercultural Communication

5. Flexibility in Intercultural Communication

6. Importance of Intercultural Communication

7. Cultural Differences

8. Power Distance

9. Individualism versus Collectivism

10. Femininity versus Masculinity

11. Uncertainty Avoidance

12. Long Term Orientation

13. High Context Cultures

14. Low Context Cultures

Barriers to Intercultural Communication

1. Ethnocentrism

2. Stereotyping

3. Prejudice

4. Discrimination

7Cs of Communication

1. Completeness with Bad and Good Example

2. Conciseness with Bad and Good Example

3. Consideration with Bad and Good Example

4. Concreteness with Bad and Good Example

5. Clarity with Bad and Good Example

6. Courtesy with Bad and Good Example

7. Correctness with Bad and Good Example

Barriers of Communication

1. Linguistic Barriers

   Causes of Linguistic Barriers

   Overcoming the Linguistic Barriers

2. Psychological/Emotional Barriers

   Common Examples of Emotional Barriers

   Overcoming Emotional Barriers

3. Physical Barriers

   Examples

   Overcoming Physical Barriers

4. Physiological Barriers

   Causes of Physiological Barriers

5. Cultural Barriers

   Examples

   Overcoming Cultural Barriers

6. Perception Barriers

   Examples

   Overcoming Perceptual Barriers

7. Interpersonal Barriers

   Examples

   Overcoming Interpersonal Barriers

8. Gender Barriers

   Examples

   Overcoming Gender Barriers

9. Organizational Structure Barriers

10. Attitude Barriers

11. Technological Barriers

Reasons for Communication Breakdown

Listening Process and Improve Your Listening Skills

Listening

• Objectives of Listening

• Importance of Listening

• Mechanics of Listening

• Process of Listening

Types of Listening

1. Participatory Listening

2. Passive Listening

3. Surface Listening

4. Deep Listening

5. Judgmental Listening

6. Non-judgmental Listening

7. Empathic Listening

8. Objective Listening

9. Discriminative Listening

10. Content Listening

11. Biased Listening

12. Appreciative Listening

13. Selective Listening

14. False Listening

15. Group Task

Barriers of Listening

1. Low Concentration

2. Lack of Prioritization

3. Poor Judgment

4. Focusing on style rather than Substance

5. Cultural Barriers

6. Gender Barriers

7. Technology Barriers

8. Physiological Barriers

9. Physical Barriers

10. Attitudinal Barriers

11. Wrong Assumptions

12. Lack of Training

13. Bad Listening Habits

Benefits of Effective Listening Skills

Common Listening Mistakes

Ways to Improve Listening Skill

Understand Ethics and Code of Conduct for working in Organization

Why Study Ethics?

Professional Ethics

What is Engineering?

Who is an Engineer?

Engineering Ethics

Personal vs Professional Ethics

Ethics and Law

Code of Ethics

• Objections to Codes

• Codes of the Engineering Societies

• Two Codes of Ethics

1. IEEE

2. NSPE

• Ethical Problems

• Resolving Internal Conflicts in Codes

• Can Codes and Professional Societies Protect Employees?

• Other Types of Codes of Ethics

• Code of Conduct

• Articles (1-15)

Ethical Principles

• Beneficence

• Least Harm

• Respect for Autonomy

• Justice

Ethical Theories in Engineering

• Utilitarianism

  Basic Tenets of Utilitarianism

  Advantages & Disadvantages

  Characteristics of Utilitarianism

  Variations among Forms of Utilitarianism

  Different Accounts of How Facts about Well-Being Determine the Rightness and Wrongness of Acts

  Different Accounts of Well-Being

  The Scope of Moral Concern

  The Aggregate Utility to Be Maximized

• Duty Ethics

• Rights Ethics

• Virtue Ethics

Personal vs Corporate Morality

Which Theory to Use?

No-Western Ethical Thinking

Ethical Problem Solving Techniques

1. Conflict Problems

2. Line Drawing Technique

3. Flow Charting

Analysis of Issues in Ethical Problems

• Factual

• Conceptual

• Moral

How can Controversies be Resolved in Ethical Problems?

Relevance vs Conflict Problem

Methods for Relevance Problem

Resolving the Conflict Problems

Line Drawing Technique

• Fundamentals of Line Drawing

• Case Study

Flow Charting

• Flow Charting Advantages

Key Ethical Concerns and Concepts

1. Confidentiality

2. Risk and Safety

3. Computer Ethics

4. Whistleblowing

5. Bribes vs Gifts

6. Sexual Harassment

Organizational Messages and Business Letters

Writing Business Messages

Planning Audience Centered Business Messages

Using Audience Analysis to Plan a Message

Understanding the Writing Process for Business Messages

• Stage I: Planning Business Message

• Stage II: Writing Business Message

• Stage III: Completing Business Messages

Scheduling the Writing Process

Three-step writing process

• Identifying Your Audience

• Identifying & analyzing purpose for Business message

• Developing an Audience Profile

• Using Audience Analysis to Plan a Message

• Predicting the Effects of Audience Composition

• Uncovering Audience Needs

• Providing Required Information

• Adopting a “You” Attitude

• Maintaining standards of etiquette

• Emphasizing the positive

• Using bias-free language

• Establishing your credibility

• Creating a conversational tone

• Creating a conversational tone

• Selective active or passive voice

• Choosing Powerful Words

• Balancing Abstract and Concrete Words

• Finding Words that Communicate Well

• Finding Words that Communicate Well

• Powerful Words

• Choosing from Four Types of Sentences

• Using Sentence Style to Emphasize Key Thoughts

• Creating the Elements of a Paragraph

• Developing Paragraphs

Completing Business Messages

• Revising Different Message Types

• Evaluating your Message

• Question’s for evaluating someone’s message

• Proofreading Carefully

Business Letters

Strategies for Effective Letters

Four Considerations of a Business Letter

The seven C’s Style

Format of Business Letter

Elements of Business Letters

Types of Letters/Messages

Writing Plan for Request for Information or Action

Writing Plan for a Direct Claim

Writing Plan for Adjustments

Goodwill Messages

• The Five S’s

• Expressing thanks for a gift.

• Sending thanks for a Favor

Responding to goodwill Messages

• Answering Congratulatory Messages

• Extending Sympathy

• Negative Messages

• Communicating Bad News: Goals

• Avoiding legal liability in conveying negative messages

• When to Use the Direct Strategy

• When to Use the Indirect Strategy

• Possible Buffers for Opening Bad-News Messages

• Evaluating Buffer Statements

• Presenting the Reasons

• Cushioning the Bad News

• Closing Bad-News Messages

Sample Negative Messages

1. Refusing Donations

2. Declining an Invitation

3. Saying No to Job Candidate

4. Email Announcing Price Hike (Rate Increase)

Presenting Bad News in Other Cultures

What is Persuasion?

• Persuasive and Sales Messages

• Effective Persuasion Techniques

• The Importance of Tone

• Writing Plan for Persuasive Requests

• Persuasive Claims and Complaints

• Persuading Within Organizations

AIDA Strategy: Sales and Marketing

AIDA Writing Strategy for Sales and Marketing Messages

Ineffective Sales Message

Improved Sales Message

Organizing Business Email and Memos

Organizing E-Mails and Memos

• Knowing When to Send E-Mails and Memo

• Defining Memos

• Preparing to write a memo

• Formatting Memos

• Writing Informative Memos

• Writing Persuasive Memos

• Revising Persuasive Memos

• Analysis of a Poorly Phrased Persuasive Memo with an improved version

• Writing Negative Memos

• Revising Negative Memos

• Analysis of a Poorly Worded Negative Memo with an improved version

• Characteristics of Effective Memos

Understand about Meetings and Tender Processes in Business

Meeting

• What is a Meeting?

• Purpose of Meeting

• Establishing Aims & Objectives

• The Need for Agendas

• Minutes of Meeting

Tender Process

• Classification of Tender

• The procedure of Inviting Tender

• Samples of Tender

• Short Tender Notice

Business Reports in Organizations

• Understanding Report Basics

  1. Report Functions

  2. Report Formats

  3. Report Patterns

  4. Report Delivery

• Developing Informal Reports

• Gathering Data for Reports

• Typical Informal Reports

• Information Reports

• Writing Plan for Information Reports

• Describe six kinds of informal reports.

• Adopting an appropriate writing style

• Understanding Business Proposals

• Informal Proposals and Informal Proposals

• Parts of Formal and Informal Proposals

• Understanding Business Reports

• Report writing process

Prepare to write.

• Research secondary data (web, social media, blog, and microblog).

• Generate primary data.

• Documenting data.

• Organize, outline, and discuss data.

• Illustrate report data.

• Matching Visuals with Objectives

• Incorporating Graphics in Report

• Present final report.

• Understand about Formal Reports

• Parts of Formal Reports

How to search for your desired job and make a resume accordingly

Job Search

• Preparation for the Job Search

• Evaluating Your Qualification

• Recognizing Employment Trend in today’s workplace

Curriculum Vitae (CV) & Resume

• Writing the Customized Resume

• Choosing the resume Style

• Improving the Career Objectives

• Summary of Qualifications

• How to write Education in Resume

• How to Write Work Experience in Resume

• How to Write Reference List in Resume

• Polishing your Resume

1. CHRONOLOGICAL RÉSUMÉ: Current College Student with Limited Experience

2. CHRONOLOGICAL RÉSUMÉ: Current College Student with Limited Relevance Experience

3. FUNCTIONAL RESUME: College Student with unrelated part-time Experience

Cover Letter

• Purpose of Cover Letter

• Three Primary Parts of Cover Letter

• Solicited and Unsolicited

• Highlighting your Strength in the Body of Cover Letter

• Motivating Actions in the Closing

• Final Tips for Successful Cover Letter

Prepare yourself for your First Job Interview

Job Interview

• Purpose of Employment Interviews

• Types of Employment Interviews

• Interview Success

• Professional Phone Techniques

• An Impressive First Conversation

• Researching the Company

• Prepare and Practice

• Cleaning Up “Digital Dirt’

• Traveling to your Interview

• Arriving at your Interview

• The Basic of Good Handshake

• Fighting Fear

• Answering the Question Effectively During the Interview

10 Important Qualities for any type of Job

1. Kinds of Interview Questions

2. Gauging your Interest

3. Your Experience and Accomplishments

4. The Future

5. Challenges

6. Money

7. Situational

8. Behavioral

9. Illegal and Inappropriate

10. Tell me about yourself

After the Interview

• Contacting References

• Interview Follow up Message

• Other Employment Letters and Documents

• Application Form

• Application or Resume Follow Up

• Rejection Follow up Message

• Job Acceptable Message

Resignation Letter

Interviews- The Dirty Dozens

Engineering economics, previously known as engineering economy, is a subset of economics concerned with the use and “application of economic principles” in the analysis of engineering decisions. As a discipline, it is focused on the branch of economics known as microeconomics in that it studies the behavior of individuals and firms in making decisions regarding the allocation of limited resources. Thus, it focuses on the decision-making process, its context and the environment

As a discipline though, it is closely related to others such as statistics, mathematics, and cost accounting. It draws upon the logical framework of economics but adds to that the analytical power of mathematics and statistics

Engineers seek solutions to problems, and along with the technical aspects, the economic viability of each potential solution is normally considered from a specific viewpoint that reflects its economic utility to a constituency. Fundamentally, engineering economics involves formulating, estimating, and evaluating the economic outcomes when alternatives to accomplish a defined purpose are available.

Since engineering is an important part of the manufacturing sector of the economy, engineering industrial economics is an important part of industrial or business economics. For this reason, the major courses that are covered in this course are:

• The economics of the management, operation, and growth and profitability of engineering firms;

• Macro-level engineering economic trends and issues;

• Engineering product markets and demand influences; and

• The development, marketing, and financing of new engineering technologies and products.

This Course Includes the following topics.

• Introduction: Engineering economy defined, measures of financial effectiveness, non-monetary factors and multiple objectives. Principles of engineering economy.

• The Economic Environment: Consumer and producer goods, measures of economic worth. price, supply, & demand relationship. production. factors of production laws of return.

• Cost Concepts & Analysis: Sunk & opportunity costs. fixed, variable, and incremental costs, recurring & nonrecurring costs. direct, indirect. and overhead costs, standard costs. Break-even analysis, unit cost of production, cost-benefit analysis, feasibility studies, value analysis in designing & purchasing.

• Time Value of Money: Simple interest, compound interest, cash flow diagrams, interest formulas, nominal versus effective interest rate, continuous compounding.

• Depreciation and Depletion: Purpose of depreciation, types of depreciation, economic life and what can be depreciated?

• Comparing Alternatives: Present economy, selection among machines, materials, processes, and designs, payback period method, present worth method, uniform annual cost method, rate of return method, alternatives having identical lives, alternatives having different lives.

• Linear Programming: Mathematical statement of linear programming problems graphic solution. Simplex method and duality problems.

COURSE CONTENT

Introduction of Economics

Introduction to Economics and Difference between Wants and Desires

• Introduction to Economics

• Difference between Want and Desires

• Do resources fulfill wants or desires?

Macro and Micro Economics, Engineering Economics and Economic Behavior

• Two Dimensions of Economics

    Macro Economics

    Micro Economics

• Engineering Economics

• Economic Environment/Behaviour

• Classification of Consumer and Producer Goods

Theory and Laws of Demand and Supply

• Theory of Demand and Supply

• Law of Supply

• Determination of Supply

• Shifts in Supply

• Law of Demand

• Demand Schedule or Demand Curve

• Determination of Demand

• Shifts in Demand

• Supply Function/Equation

• Demand Function/Equation

Understanding the Market Equilibrium and Elasticity concepts in Economics

• Market Equilibrium

• Equilibrium’s Mathematical Representation

• Price Elasticity of Demand

• Elasticity and Revenue

• Special Cases of Elasticity

Market Structure and Types of Businesses

• Market Structure

• Types of Businesses

Understanding the Time Value of Money

Understand Simple and Compound Interest with Problems and Cash Flow Diagramming

• Simple Interest

• Compound Interest

• Simple vs. Compound Interest

• Notation and Cash Flows Diagram

• Cash Flow Diagraming

• Present and Future Values of Single Cash Flow

• Discrete Cash Flow Examples Illustrating Equivalence

• Present Equivalent of Future Amount of Money

• Solving Problem related to Time Value of Money

Annuity and Deferred Annuity and Solving Example Problems related to them

• Annuity

• Relating a Uniform Series (Annuity) to its Present and Future Equivalence

• Present Equivalent of Annuity

• Solving Problems Related to the Annuity

• Deferred Annuities (Uniform Series)

• Present Equivalent of Deferred Annuity

• Solving Problems related to Present Equivalent of Deferred Annuity

• Uniform Arithmetic Gradient of Cash Flow

Gradient Problem and using Gradient Conversion for Solving Problems

• Gradient Problem

• Using Gradient Conversion Factor for solving Problems

Nominal and Effective Interest Rate and Concepts of APR and APY

• Nominal and Effective Interest Rates

• Concept of APR (Annual Percentage Rate) and APY (Annual Percentage Yield)

• Time-based Units (Interest Rate Statement)

Solving Problems related to Nominal and Effective Interest Rates

• Solving Problems related to Nominal and Effective Interest Rates

• Derivation of Effective Annual Interest Rate

Equivalence Relation: Payment Period and Compounding Period

Effective Interest rate of any time and Financial Effectiveness and Efficiency

• Effective Interest rate for any time period

• Equivalence Relation (PP<CP)

• Financial Effectiveness and Efficiency

Evaluating an Engineering Project  (Comparison and Selection of Alternatives)

Taking Decision on the Basis of Present and the Future Worth Method

• The Present worth Method

• The decision of PW Method

• Relation between i & PW

• Find that the Project is Economically Justified?

• The Future worth Method

Taking Decision on the Basis of Annual Worth Method

• The Annual worth Method

Comparing the Business Alternatives for taking the Decision

• Comparing Alternative Businesses

• Solving Problems related to Present worth analysis

• Solving Problems related to Future worth analysis

Linear Programming

Objective Functions, Constrains and Main Elements of Linear Programming

• Operations Research

• Objective Functions and Constraints of Linear Programming

• Main Elements of Linear Programming

The Reddy Mikks Company Model

Payback Period of any Investment

Understand Payback and Discounted Payback Period of any Business

• Case 1 : For Even Cash Flow

• Case 2: For Uneven Cash Flow

• Solving Problems related to the Payback Period (Even and Uneven Cash Flows)

• Discounted Payback Period

Internal Rate of Return and Solving Problems related to it

• Internal Rate of Return

• Solving Problems Related to Internal rate of Return

Understand about Incremental Cash Flow and Mutually Exclusive Project Analysis

• Incremental Cash Flow

• Mutually Exclusive Project Analysis

Replacement Decision Analysis and Lives of Asset

• Replacement Decision Analysis

• Type of Lives of Asset

  1. Economic Life

  2. Ownership Life

  3. Physical Life

  4. Useful Life

• Replacement Analysis Using PW (Present worth Analysis)

Replacement Analysis using Estimated Uniform Annual Cost (EUAC)

• Solving Problems related to EUAC for Replacement Analysis

Understand about the Economic Life of New Asset

Depreciation

Deprecation of Tangible and Intangible Property and Methods of Deprecation

• Deprecation of Tangible and Intangible Property

• Types of Depreciation (Normal and Monetary)

• Methods of Deprecation

  1. Straight Line (SL) Method

  2. Sum of the Year Digit Method

  3. Declining Balance Method

  4. Double Declining Balance

Modified Accelerated Cost Recovery (MACRS)

• Declining Balance with switch over Straight Line Method

• Modified Accelerated Cost Recovery (MACRS)

Solving Problems related to Depreciation and MACRS

Cost Concept in Economics

Concepts of Cost, Volume and Break-Even Point for any Start-up Business

• What is meant by Cost?

• Elements of the Product

Prime Cost vs Conversion Cost , Fixed Cost vs Variable Cost and Types of Cost

• Prime Cost vs Conversion Cost
• Fixed Cost vs Variable Cost

• Types of Cost

• Differential Cost
• Opportunity Cost
• Sunk Cost
• Standard/Average/Budgeted Cost
• Controllable Cost
• Uncontrollable Cost

Understanding Curve of Demand, Supply and Break-Even Point for Profit and Loss

• Concept of Cost, Volume, and Break-Even Point

• Understanding about Break-Even Point

• Conditions for the Profit and Loss in the Business

• The curve of Demand, Supply and Break-Even Point for Determining Conditions for the Profit and Loss

• Solving Problems related to the Topic

Evaluating Projects with Benefit-Cost Ratio Method and Dis Benefits

• Evaluating Projects with Benefit-Cost Ratio Method

• Using Conventional and Modified Approaches of Present Worth

• Dis benefits of Benefits Cost Ratio Method

This course provides an introduction to the manufacturing processes that are used in industry to manufacture products that are widely used in daily life.

Introduction to Manufacturing: Types of manufacturing industries, materials used in manufacturing and properties of materials, different processing operation.

Sand Casting:

• Introduction: Sand casting, molding, heating, pouring, solidification, and cooling. Pattern: making, material, types, construction, pattern allowances.

• Core: making, types, sand conditioning, testing of the sand, molding process, tools and equipment, molding machines, different types of casting, cleaning and finishing of castings, an inspection of castings.

Permanent Mold Casting (PMC): Introduction, types of PMC, gravity die casting, and its types. Pressure die casting, Centrifugal casting, and their types. Furnaces used in PMC.

Metal Forming:
Fundamentals, Types, hot, warm, and cold working.
Bulk Deformation Processes:

• Rolling; rolled products, rolling types: flat, shape, thread, gear, ring rolling, and rolling mill configurations.

• Forging; open die, impression die, press, upset, roll, net shape, isothermal forging and swaging.

• Extrusion; solid & hollow shapes, direct & indirect, hot & cold, continuous & discrete, impact extrusion, hydrostatic.

• Drawing; bar, wire, tube drawing and its types tike tube sinking, fixed mandrel, floating plug.
  Other metal forming processes; roll extrusion, riveting, staking, peening, coining, hubbing, burnishing.

Sheet metal forming processes: Shearing operations: slitting, blanking, piercing, cutoff, parting, dinking, slotting, perforating, notching, semi-notching, lancing, nibbling, trimming, shaving, fine blanking. Bending operations: V bending, edge bending, flanging, curling, hemming, seaming. Drawing operations like deep and shallow drawing, embossing.

Welding Processes: Classification, Fusion welding and its types such as oxyfuel gas welding and oxygen torch cutting, arc welding (shielded metal, flux-cored, gas metal, submerged, gas tungsten, plasma, stud welding, Arc cutting), resistance welding (spot, seam and projection. Heating, pressure, current control and power supply for resistance welding).
Solid-state welding and its types include diffusion welding, friction welding, and ultrasonic welding.

• Other welding processes: Forge, Roll, Friction, Explosion, Thermic, Electron beam, Laser welding and cutting, Brazing and Soldering.

Fabrication of Plastics: Casting, Blow molding and its types, Compression molding, Transfer molding, Cold molding, Injection molding: Injection molding machine, mold design, and construction, types of mold, cooling and ejection of mold, Reaction injection molding, Welding of plastics.

In the end, there are videos that are videos related to the course for better understanding.

COURSE CONTENT

Introduction to Manufacturing:

Lecture 1

• Introduction to Manufacturing Processes

• What is manufacturing

• Manufacturing Industries

• Manufacturing Products

• Production Quantity and Product variety

• Materials in Manufacturing

• Manufacturing Processes (Processing operations and Assembly operations)

Sand Casting:

Lecture 2

• Overview of casting technologies

• Difference between casting and molding

• Advantages and Disadvantages of casting processes

• Casting Processes (Expendable mold casting and permanent mold casting)

Lecture 3

• Sand casting and Engineering analysis of sand casting y sand

• Pouring and Engineering Analysis of Pouring

• Flow rate and time required to fill the mold

• Fluidity

• Solidification and Cooling

Lecture 4

• Solidification of pure metals and alloys (Alloys and Eutectic Alloys)

• Solidification time and Shrinkage

• Directional Solidification

Lecture 5

• Riser Design with Exercise Problems.

Lecture 6

• Pattern for casting

• Materials used for pattern

• Types of pattern

• Mold making and Classification of sand molds

• What is foundry sand?

Lecture 7

• Buoyancy Force

• Metal casting processes

• Shell molding

• Advantages and Disadvantages of Shell molding

• Vacuum molding

• Advantages and Disadvantages of Vacuum molding

• Expanded Polystyrene Casting

• Advantages and Disadvantages of Expanded Polystyrene Casting

• Investment casting

• Plaster and Ceramic Mold casting

Permanent Mold Casting (PMC):

Lecture 8

• Types of pattern allowance (Shrinkage and contraction allowance, Draft allowance, Machining allowance, and Distortion allowance)

• Permanent mold casting and its Applications.

• Slush casting

• Low-pressure casting

• Vacuum permanent mold casting

• Die casting (Hot and cold chamber die casting)

• Advantages and Limitations

• Centrifugal casting and Semi centrifugal casting

Lecture 9

• Furnaces

• Cupolas Furnace

• Direct Fuel Fired Furnace

• Crucible Furnace

• Electric Arc Furnace

• Induction Furnace

Metal Forming:

Lecture 10

• Fundamentals of metal forming

• Types of deformation processes of metal

• Bulk deformation (Rolling, Forging, Extrusion, Wire Drawing)

• Sheet metal working

• Stress-Strain Curve

• Derivation of the relation between stress and strain

• Flow stress and Average flow stress

• The temperature in metal forming (Cold working and Hot-working)

• Recrystallization

• Iso thermal forming (recovery and Grain growth)

• Strain rate Sensitivity

Lecture 11

• Introduction of rolling

• Shapes used for rolling

• Types of rolling

• Working of the rolling process

• Analysis of the rolling

• Rolling mills

• No-Slip Point for rolling

• Flatness control and rolling defect

Lecture 12

• Numerical Problems related to the rolling process

Lecture 13

• Introduction to forging

• Classification of forging

• Types of forging

• Analysis of the forging

• Barreling effect in forging

• Open Die forging and its practices

• Impression Die forging and its practices

• Advantages and Limitations of Impression Die forging

• Fleshless forging

• Forging Press and Forging Hammers

Lecture 14

• Numerical Problems related to the forging process

Lecture 15

• Introduction to the extrusion process

• Classification of extrusion

• Direct and Indirect extrusion

• Hot and Cold extrusion

• Direct and Continuous extrusion

• Analysis of the extrusion process

• Effect of friction on extrusion

• Extrusion Dies and Orifice

• Extrusion press and other extrusion processes

Lecture 16

• Numerical Problems related to the extrusion process

• Introduction to Drawing

• Difference between drawing and wire drawing

• Bar Drawing

• Wire Drawing

• Features of Draw Die

• Preparation of the work

• Analysis of the drawing process

Sheet metal forming processes:

Lecture 17

• Introduction to sheet metal cutting process

• Characteristics of Edges

• Types of sheet metal cutting

• Shearing

• Blanking and Punching

• Clearance in Sheet metal cutting

• Analysis of sheet metal cutting processes

• Numerical Problems related to the sheet metal cutting process

Lecture 18

• Introduction of sheet metal bending process

• Types of sheet metal bending

• Analysis of the sheet metal bending process

• Numerical Problems related to the sheet metal bending process

• Spring Back

Lecture 19

• Introduction to the drawing process

• Mechanics of drawing

• Stages of deformation

• Analysis of the drawing process

• Tests of Drawing Feasibility

• Blank force and blank size determination

• Numerical Problems related to the drawing process

Lecture 20

• Other drawing processes (Redrawing, Reverse Drawing and Drawing without Blank holder)

• Defects in Drawing

• The operation performed with metal tooling

• Ironing

• Coining & Embossing

• Lancing & Twisting

• The operation performed with flexible Rubber tooling

• Guerin and Hydro forming process

Lecture 21

• Numerical Problems related to the other drawing processes

Welding Processes:

Lecture 22

• Fundamentals of welding

• Difference between joining and welding

• Advantages and Disadvantages of Welding

• History of welding

• Types of the welding process

• Components used for welding process (Filler material, Flux, and Electrolyte)

• Consumable and Non-consumable electrolyte

• Welding positions

• Welding Electrode Nomenclature

• Type of Weld Joints (Butt joint, Corner Joint, Lap joint, Tee Joint, Edge Joint)

• Types of Weld (Filler Weld, Groove Weld, Plug weld or slot weld, Spot and Seam weld, Flange and Surface Weld)

• Features of Fusion Welded Joints

• Physics of welding (Power Density and Numerical of Power Density)

• Heat Balance in Fusion Welding

• Welding as Commercial Operation

• Automation in Welding (Machine, Automatic and Robotic)

• Welding Safety

Lecture 23

• Welding Categories (Fusion Welding, Solid State Welding, Soldering and Brazing)

• Arc Welding

• Arc Shielding

• The power source in Arc welding

• Types of Arc Welding (Shielding metal arc welding, Gas Metal Arc Welding, Flux Cored Arc Welding, Submerged Arc Welding,

• Gas Tungsten welding

• Plasma arc welding

Lecture 24

• Oxyfuel arc welding

• Oxyacetylene welding

• Resistance welding

• Spot Welding

• Resistance seam welding

• Resistance projection welding

• Energy beam welding (Electron beam welding, Laser beam welding)

• Numerical Problems related to the welding processes

Lecture 25

• Numerical Problems Related to the welding processes

Lecture 26

• Solid-state welding

• Types of solid-state welding

• (Diffusion welding, Friction welding, and Ultrasonic welding)

• Welding Defects of Solid State Welding

• Brazing and Soldering

Fabrication of Plastics:

Lecture 27

• Plastics

• Type of Plastics

• Properties of polymer melt (Viscosity and Viscoelasticity)

• Extrusion process for Plastics in detail

• Extruder Screw

• Feed Section

• Compression Section

• Metering Section

• Process Parameters

• Solid and Hollow Profiles

• Wire and Tube coating

• Defects in the extrusion process

Lecture 28

• Injection molding for Plastics in detail

• Clamping

• Injection

• Cooling

• Ejection

• Application and Material

• Advantages and Disadvantages

Lecture 29

• Blow Molding

• Extrusion Blow Molding

• Injection Blow Molding

• Stretched Blow Molding

• Compression Molding

• Transfer Molding (A pot transfer molding and B plunger-type transfer molding)

This course was recorded for university students for making them professionals in economics. As some of the students are not from the economics background so in this course we start from a very scratch level to clear their concepts. You can check out the preview lectures every topic is explained in very detail.

In this course, we start from very basic level concepts of economics to advanced level. The course is carefully designed and structured in the simplest way to give you an understanding of Basics to Advances Concepts of Economics, Demand and Supply Analysis, Elasticity Concepts in Economics, High-Level Concepts of Economics for Professionals, Depreciation Depletion, Economic Thoughts, Ten(10) Principles of Economics, Revenue, Profit and Cost Analysis, Businesses and Form of Businesses, Linear Programming In Economics

COURSE CONTENT

Basic Concepts of Economics

1. Economics, Agents of Economics

2. D- Economic System, E-Slope in Economics, Slope in Economics, F Variables

3. Engineering Economics, Economics VS Engineering Economics, Goods and Services

4. Types of Goods, Types of Services, Terminology, and Symbols

Demand and Supply

1. Concepts of Demand And Quantity Demanded

2. Law of Demand, Functions of Demand, Shifting of Demand

3. Supply, Types of Supply Schedules and Curves, Factors Affecting Supply

4. Law of Supply, Increase or Decrease in Supply with Examples

5. Equilibrium of Demand and Supply, Effect of Shift in Supply Demand with Algebra

6. Goods in Economics

Elasticity

1. Elasticity, Representation and Find Price Elasticity of Demand with Example

2. Representation and Find Price Elasticity of Supply, Income Elasticity

3. Measurement of Income Elasticity and Cross Elasticity

Advanced Concepts of Economics

1. Measurement of Financial Effectiveness, Time Value of Money, Present Value

2. Future Value with Examples

3. Profitability Index(PI), Measurement of PI, Interpreting and Application of PI

4. Examples of Profitability Index

5. Payback Period, Significance of Payback Period, Examples of Payback Period

6. Net Present Value, Acceptance Rule of Net Present Value

7. Examples of Net Present Value (1-5)

8. Examples of Net Present Value (6-10)

9. Internal Rate of Return (IRR), Advantages and Disadvantages of IRR

10. Measurement of Financial Effectiveness, TYM

11. Environment and Economics, Engineering Economics Decisions

12. Economic Indicators

Depreciation and Depletion

1. Depreciation, Factors in Computing Depreciation (Characteristics, need, causes)

2. Depreciation Methods

3. Comparing Depreciation Methods, Depletion, Cost Determination and Depletion

4. Differences Between Depreciation and Depletion

Economic Thoughts

1. Economic Thoughts, Classical Thoughts

2. Non-Classical Thoughts, Keynesian Economists

3. The Principles of Economics By Gregory Mankiw

4. Ten(10) Principles of Economics

Production Analysis

1. Production, Types of Production

2. Factors of Production

3. How These Factors are Interconnected, Economics of Scale

Revenue, Profit and Cost (Cost Analysis)

1. Revenue, Profit, Cost,

2. Types of Costs

3. Cost Formulas

4. Return to scale, Practice Problems

5. Practice Problems

Businesses

1. Business, Forms of Businesses (Sole Proprietorship, Partnership

2. Forms of Businesses Continue (Corporation)

3. Forms of Businesses Continue (Franchising, Mergers)

4. Forms of Businesses Continue (Joint Venture)

5. Forms of Businesses Continue (Acquisition )

Linear Programming in Economics

Economics is a complex subject filled with a maze of confusing terms and details which can be difficult to explain. Even economists have trouble defining exactly what economics means. Yet, there is no doubt that the economy and the things we learn through economics affect our everyday lives.

In short, economics is the study of how people and groups of people use their resources. Money certainly is one of those resources, but other things can play a role in economics as well. In an attempt to clarify all this, let’s take a look at the basics of economics and why you might consider studying this complex field.

The Field of Economics

Economics is divided into two general categories: microeconomics and macroeconomics. One looks at the individual markets while the other looks at an entire economy.

From there, we can narrow economics into a number of subfields of study. These include econometrics, economic development, agricultural economics, urban economics, and much more.

If you have an interest in how the world works and how financial markets or industry outlooks affect the economy, you might consider studying economics. It’s a fascinating field and has career potential in a number of disciplines, from finance to sales to the government.

Two Essential Concepts of Economics

Much of what we study in economics has to do with money and the markets. What are people willing to pay for something? Is one industry doing better than another? What is the economic future of the country or world? These are important questions economists examine and it comes with a few basic terms. You can find answers to all these questions from this course.

“As a chemical engineering student or professional, it’s essential to have a strong foundation in the fundamental principles that drive the industry. That’s where the Principle of Chemical Processes (PCP) course comes in.

This comprehensive course covers a range of topics that are vital to your success as a chemical engineer, including general chemistry, organic chemistry, physical chemistry, physics, and math. By integrating these disciplines, the PCP course provides a well-rounded understanding of the concepts and techniques you’ll need to excel in your career.

But the benefits of the PCP course don’t stop there. It’s also designed to give you a competitive edge in the chemical engineering industry. From solving material and energy balances to mastering pressure calculations, this course is packed with the skills and knowledge you need to succeed.

So why wait? Start building your chemical engineering foundation today with the Principle of Chemical Processes course. Whether you’re just starting out or looking to take your career to the next level, this course has something to offer. Enroll now and join the ranks of the industry’s top professionals.”

COURSE OUTLINE

• Composition of Mixtures

· Molecular Weight & Mole and the Conversion between Mass & Moles

· Mass & Mole Fraction, Conversion from a Composition by Mass to Molar Composition

· Concentration

• Pressure

· Introduction of Pressure and Pressure Scales (Atmospheric, Gauge, Vacuum, Absolute)

· Conversion Factors of Pressure

· Fluid Pressure Measurement

• Ideal Gases & Gas Laws

· Ideal Gases & Equation of State, Standard Temperature & Pressure, Problems

· Ideal Gas Mixtures, Vapor-Liquid Equilibria for Multi-Component System

· Henry’Law, Raoult’s Law, Antoine Equation, Dalton’s Law

• Fundamentals of Material Balances

· Introduction, Chemical Processes Classification, Steady & Unsteady State, Balance Equation

· Differential and Integral Balances on Chemical Processes

· Differential Process to Perform Material Balance

· Flow Chart Streams and calculation of Flow Chart Stream Balance

· Flow Chart Scaling and their Calculation

• Balances on Reactive Systems

· Balances on Reactive Systems, Limiting & Excess Reactants

· Extent of Reaction and the Calculation of Extent of Reaction

· Multiple Reactions, Yield & Selectivity2

· Extent of Reaction for Multiple Reactions with Calculation

· Balances on Molecular & Atomic Species

· Degree of Freedom Analysis on Reactive Balances

• Energy Balance

· First Law of Thermodynamics, Forms of Energy (Kinetic, Molecular, Internal)

· Energy Balances on Closed Systems

· Specific Properties & Enthalpy

This course aims to introduce you to the fundamentals of fluid mechanics and its importance and application in process engineering like (Civil Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, and Chemical Engineering). The focus will be on solving fluid flow problems and the design of pipelines and equipment for fluid transport. Don’t worry if you find this course difficult or just start this course this is very detailed 15 Hours Course which starts from very basic level and can make you expert in this course at your home.

So you can definitely prepare for your Fluid Mechanics Exams and surely can score the highest grades in your class.

Textbooks used for this course

1. Fluid Mechanics by Yunus A. Cengel, John M. Cimbala

2. Fundamentals of Fluid Mechanics, 6th Edition By Munson

A very detailed course for understanding almost every concept of fluid mechanics and know-how to solve practice problems.

COURSE OUTLINE

Section 1

• Introduction to Fluid Mechanics

• Application Area of Fluid Mechanics

• Dimensions and Importance of Dimensions and Units

• Dimensional Homogeneity and Unity with example problems

• Calculation of Dimensional Analysis

• Dimensionless Numbers (Reynolds, Bingham & Nusselt Number)

• Measures of Fluid Mass and Weight (Density, Specific Weight, Specific Gravity) and Relation between Density and Specific Weight

• Classification of Fluid Flow (Internal and External, Compressible and Incompressible, Laminar and Turbulent, Steady and Unsteady)

• Calculation of Reynold, Bingham & Nusselt numbers (Dimensionless Numbers)

Section 2

• Nature of Fluids (The no Slip Condition in Fluid Dynamics)

• Shear Stress in Moving Fluid, (Derivation Shear stress is directly proportional to strain rate)

• Viscosity and Fluid Types (Newtonian and Non-Newtonian Fluid)

• Shear Thickening Fluids and Shear Thinning Fluid

• Numericals Related to Newton Law of Viscosity (Newtonian Fluid)

• Calculation of Shear Stresses

• Velocity Profiles

Section 3

• Pressure (Fluid Pressure and Hydrostatic Pressure)

• Calculation of Specific Gravity

• Manometry (Piezometer, U tube manometer, Differential Monometer)

• Questions related to Monometer for pressure calculation

• Buoyancy and Steps for solving Buoyancy Questions

• Numericals related to Buoyancy

Lecture 4

• Fluid Flow Rates

• Continuity Equation

• Calculation of Fluid Flow Rate using Continuity Equation

• Commercially Available Pipe and Tubing (Steel Pipe, Steel Tubing, Copper Tubing, Ductile Iron Pipe)

• Pipe Selection Aid

• Question calculation of Volume Flow Rate by Pipes and Tubes Table

• Determine Pipe Size and Tube Size from Tables

• Conservation of Energy (Bernoulli’s Equation),

• Derivation of Bernoulli’s Equation

• Interpretation of Bernoulli’s Equation

• Restriction on Bernoulli’s Equation

• Numericals related to Bernoulli’s Equation

• Problem-related to the calculation of volumetric flow rate through the nozzle using Bernoulli’s Equation

• Application of Bernoulli’s Equation (Tanks, Reservoirs, and Nozzles Exposed to the Atmosphere)

• Calculation of volumetric flow rate in Venturi Meter

• Torricelli’s Theorem

• Questions related to Torricelli’s Theorem

Section 5

• General Energy Equation (Pumps, Fluid Motors, Fluid Friction, Valves, and Fittings)

• Mechanical Energy and Efficiency

• Nomenclature of Energy Losses and Addition

• Questions Related to Energy Equation

• Power Required by the Pumps

• Mechanical Efficiency of Pumps

• Numericals related to Pumps

• Calculation of Mechanical Efficiency of the Pump

• Power Delivered to Fluid Systems

• Mechanical Efficiency of Fluid

• Calculation of Power Delivered to Fluid and its Mechanical Efficiency

Lecture 6

• Critical Reynolds Number

• Reynolds Number for closed non-circular cross-sections

• Hydraulic Radius for non-circular pipes

• Solving Problems using Moody’s Chart

• Calculation of Reynolds Number for non-circular pipes

• Friction Loss in non-circular cross-section

• Calculation of Friction loss using Moody’s Chart

• Energy Loss due to Friction

• Darcy’s Equation

• Friction Loss in Laminar and Turbulent Flow

Section 7

• Minor Looses

• Sudden Enlargement and losses due to Sudden Enlargements,

• Calculation of energy loss due to sudden enlargement

• Exit loss and calculation of energy loss due to exit loss

• Gradual Enlargement and calculation energy loss due to gradual enlargement

• Sudden Contraction and calculation of energy loss due to sudden contraction

• Entrance Loss and calculation of energy loss due to Entrance

• Minor Losses (through Valves and Fittings) with procedure for calculation

• Resistant Coefficient for Valves & Fittings

• Calculation of all the energy loses in moving fluid

Section 8

• Flow Measurement

• Flow meters selection factors

• Variable head meters, Venturi, Flow Nozzle, Orifice

• Variable Area Flow Meters

• Rotameter

• Flow Rate and Velocity Measurements

• Velocity Probes

• Open Channel Flow Measurement (Weirs, Rectangle Notch, Contracted Weir, Triangle Weir)

Section 9

• Positive Displacement Pumps

• Reciprocating Pumps

• Rotary Pump

• Kinetic Pump

• Self-Priming Pump

• Centrifugal Pump

• Affinity Law for centrifugal pumps

• Numerical using Affinity Law

• Manufacturer’s data for centrifugal pumps

• Effect of Impeller Size

• Power and Efficiency of Pumps

• Cavitation

• Vapor Pressure

• NPSH Margin